Burner and oven.



E. D. BAXTER.

BURNE R AND OVEN.

APPLICATION men JUNE 5, 1915.

1,203,960. Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

By ymw i EDWIN D. BAXTER, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BAX'DER STOVE COMPANY, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BURNER AND OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

Application filed June 5, 1915. Serial No. 32,421.

. land and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners and Ovens, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in burners and ovens, and particularly to a burner that is made of seamless drawn tubing.

Among other objects, the invention aims to provide a gas burner of light sheet metal or tubing which is perforated on opposite sides with the apertures diverging downwardly and wherein the burner extends from the front to the back of the oven instead, as in the ordinary burner, from side to side of the oven.

A further object is to provide an elbow having an elongated recess or chamber formed therein to permit the gas to flow beyond the inner circumference of the burner and then backward into the burner thereby causing it to mix more uniformly with the air. As the inflow first contacts with the end wall of the recess-which isbeyond the inner circumference of the burner, the gas flows back gradually instead of abruptly as in the case of an elbow formed at right angles and without the elongated chamber.

Further, the invention resides in providing the tube that mixes the air and gas so that it will be concealed within the oven proper which permits the front of the oven to have a perfectly plane surface, or in other words, free from any obstruction. This tube leads from the air mixer, located outside of the oven, to the burner concealed under the oven and is connected to the burner by the elbow in which the recess is formed.

A further and important object is that the end of the burner inclines rearwardly in a downward direction in the oven and tends to counteract the tendency of the gas to rise so that as the gas naturally flows in an upward direction, it is counteracted by the downward inclination of the burner, thereby permitting the gas or the mixture to flow from the gas ajutages uniformly and freely along its whole length.

It is well known that in constructing a burner out of cast iron material the walls must be of considerable thickness and in making these walls thick there is considerable friction caused by the contact of the mixture with the walls and, therefore, proper combustion is not obtained. In the use, therefore, of sheet material, or seamless drawn tubing, the walls can be made very thin as the tensile strength of a tube or sheet metal provides a thin wall which practically obviates the friction caused by the mixture contacting with the walls in passing out of the gas ajutages.

A still further object of the combination provides a burner and oven that will maintain the same degree of heat in the top of the oven as is maintained in the lower portion of the oven, thereby permitting the user of the stove to bake on the top with practically the same temperature that the food is sub jected to on the bottom.

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is had to the following specification and the accompanying drawings, where- 1n:

Figure 1 represents a fragmentary perspective View of an oven having the burner applied thereto and showing the front of the ovenv having a perfectly plane surface unob structed by pipes of any kind; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken about on the line 22 of Fig. 1, looking from the side; Fig. 8 is a bottom fragmentary view of the burner showing the location of the apertures and the. cap or plug which closes the end of the burner; Fig. 4; is a vertical sectional view on the line eti of Fig. 2, looking toward'the vfront; Fig. 5 is an elevation partly broken away and showing part of the burner, the el bow having the recess and a portion of the air and gas pipe; and Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of the burner.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, wherein similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout, reference numeral 1 designates the body of an ordinary oven, 2 the doors thereof, 3 a gas supply pipe, 4 a gas valve and 5 an air mixer. The oven has an inner cooking and baking compartment defined in part, by the bottom 6 having upstanding side walls or portions 7 and 8 which leaves passages 9 and 10 between the upstanding portions and the adjacent sides of the oven. A vertical flue 11 is provided on the rear of the oven.

Underneath the bottom 6 of the oven, and to the front inner wall thereof, I fix a bracket 12 which supports an elbow 13 having a burner 14 secured to one end and a combined air and gas pipe 15 secured to the opposite end. The bracket 12 holds one end of the burner 14, as shown in Fig. 2, in proximity to the bottom of the oven. The other end of the burner inclines rearwardly and downwardly from the bottom 6, and is supported upon a bracket 16. The bracket 16 is angular and provided with an aperture to receive a bolt 17 which also passes through a plug 18 the latter closing the end of the burner. A nut 18 is set against the burner to hold the bolt 17 tight while a second nut 17 on the bolt 17 clamps the bracket 16 against the first nut.

The gas ajutages 19 are preferably formed in the lower portion in spaced rows, those of one row diverging from those of the other at an incline from the bottom 6 of the oven compartment.

The gas and air passes through the pipe 15 and contacts with the substantially hemispherical end wall 1 1 of the recess 14 and then turns backward and flows through the inner periphery of the burner.

The operation of the burner and oven is as follows: Referring now particularly to Fig. -11, the gas ajutages 19 emit a flame toward the bottom of the stove and passages 9 and 10, thence to the top of the oven and downwardly out through the apertures 20 into the fine 11. The draft through the passages 9 and 10 draws the flame from the burner in proximity to the bottom of the oven compartment and as there is no exit for the heat or radiation to escape from the top of the oven, it necessarily must turn downwardly and exit through the apertures 20 on account of the draft of the flue 11. This has the efiect of uniformly heating the top of the oven to the same temperature that the bottom of the oven is heated thereby uniformly baking any article placed in the oven, making it uniform on the top as well as the bottom. A strong hot current rises in each of the side oven flues toward the top of the oven, but no heat comes up through the oven bottom for the first few minutes after the burner is lighted. The exit apertures 20 being disposed near the bottom 6, the heat cannot get out of the oven until it passes all around the food, thereby browning the top, sides and bottom evenly.

What is claimed is:

1. An oven including a bottom and side walls, an escape flue having communication with the interior of the oven near the bottom of the latter, a burner arranged exteriorly of the oven and beneath the bottom, said burner extending toward the flue and inclining downward toward the flue from the front end of the oven to the rear, whereby that portion of the burner closest to the communication between the flue and oven is spaced the greatest distance from the oven bottom.

2. An oven including a bottom and side walls, an escape flue having communication with the interior of the oven near the bottom of the latter, a burner arranged exteriorly of the oven and beneath the bottom, said burner extending toward the flue and inclining downward toward the flue from the front end of the oven to the rear, the burner being formed with fuel outlets to direct the fuel toward the side walls of the oven, but downwardly with respect to the bottom thereof.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN D. BAXTER.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. Coss, PEARL M. YUNOHER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

